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Stainless Steel and Duplex Pipe (ASTM A312, A790)
The ASTM A312 specification covers seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel pipes used for high temperature and/or corrosive service (the most common grades are 304/304L and 316/316L). The A790 specification covers seamless duplex and super duplex pipes UNS S32205/31803 and UNS S32750/32760 (special SS grade with a mixed ferritic/austenitic microstructure). In this article, we illustrate the chemical and mechanical properties of the A312/A790 specifications
Stainless steel welded pipe A312 Specification Details
This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
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Stainless steel welded pipe A312 Chemical Requirements
| Grade | UNS Desig |
Composition, % | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mb | Ti | Nb | Ta | N | Vn | Cu | Ce | B | Al | Other | ||
| TP304 | S30400 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 8.0–11 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP304L | S30403 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 8.0–13 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP304H | S30409 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 8.0–11 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP310S | S31008 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0- 26 | 19.0- 22 | 0.75 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP310H | S31009 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0–26 | 19.0–22 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||||
| TP310H | S31035 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.4 | 21.5–23.5 | 23.5–26.5 | . . . | . . . | 0.40- 0.6 | . . . | 0.20- 0.3 | . . . | 2.5- 3.5 | . . . | 0.002- 0.008 | See Spec | |
| TP316 | S31600 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0–18 | 10.0–14 | 2.00–3 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP316L | S31603 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0–18 | 10.0–14 | 2.00–3 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP316H | S31609 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0–18 | 10.0–14 | 2.00–3 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP317 | S31700 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 11.0–15 | 3.0–4 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP317L | S31703 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 11.0–15 | 3.0–4 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP321 | S32100 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0–19 | 9.0–12 | . . . | Ti 5 × (C+N) min, 0.70 max | . . . | . . . | 0.1 | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP321H | S32109 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0–19 | 9.0–12 | . . . | 4(C+N) min; 0.70 max | . . . | . . . | 0.1 | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP321H | S32654 | 0.02 | 2.0-4 | 0.03 | 0.005 | 0.5 | 24.0–25 | 21.0–23 | 7.0-8 | . . . | . . . | . . . | 0.45- 0.55 | . . . | 0.30-0.6 | . . . | |||
| TP321H | S33228 | 0.04 – 0.08 | 1 | 0.02 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 26.0–28 | 31.0–33 | . . . | . . . | 0.60- 1 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | 0.05 – 0.1 | 0.025 | ||
| TP321H | S34565 | 0.03 | 5.0-7 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 1 | 23.0–25 | 16.0–18 | 4.0-5 | . . . | 0.1 | . . . | 0.40- 0.6 | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP347 | S34700 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0–19 | 9.0–13 | . . . | . . . | See Spec | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP347H | S34709 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0–19 | 9.0–13 | . . . | . . . | See Spec | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| Alloy 20 | N08020 | 0.07 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 1 | 19.0–21 | 32.0–38 | 2.0–3 | . . . | See Spec | See Spec | . . . | . . . | 3.0– 4 | . . . | . . . | . . . | |
| Alloy 20 | N08367 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 20.0–22 | 23.5–25.5 | 6.0–7 | . . . | . . . | . . . | 0.18–0.25 | . . . | 0.75 | . . . | . . . | . . . | |
| Alloy 20 | N08028 | 0.03 | 2.5 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 1 | 26.0–28 | 30.0–34 | 3.0–4 | 0.60–1.4 | |||||||||
| Alloy 20 | N08029 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.6 | 26.0–28 | 30.0–34 | 4.0–5 | 0.6– 1.4 |
The pipe shall be manufactured by the process of either Seamless (SML), Welded (WLD) or Heavily cold-worked (HCW).
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Tubes
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
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